マイライブラリ
マイライブラリ

+ マイライブラリに追加

電話

お問い合わせ履歴

電話(英語)

+7 (495) 789-45-86

Profile

BackDoor.DNSep.1

Added to the Dr.Web virus database: 2020-09-24

Virus description added:

  • Packer: absent
  • Compilation dates:
    • 30.08.2020 18:02:53 (loader ccL100U.dll)
    • 30.08.2020 18:01:38 (payload)
  • SHA1 hashes:
    • 14a652b5b9d71171224541ce2b950cf55da38190 (loader ccL100U.dll)
    • f76ae6ee508cf22f52b8533d704667a1893860d9 (payload)

Description

A backdoor written in C and C++ and designed to run on 32- and 64-bit Microsoft Windows operating systems. Its main purpose is to provide a communication channel with the C&C server through DNS requests and facilitate unauthorized control over the infected computer. It consists of a malicious loader (a .DLL library), and the main module operating in RAM. Its code has multiple overlaps with the Cotx backdoor.

Operating routine

The malware is a DNS backdoor. C&C server communication occurs by reading the TXT records of subdomains formed in a certain way.

Loader module

The original name in the export table is Stager.dll. The library has a number of exported functions.

#drweb

With that, most of the functions do not perform any actions. The only working function is InitLoad, where the backdoor is launched. The same function is called from DllMain.

The backdoor unpacks the payload from its resources. It is located in the DAT resource compressed through RtlCompressBuffer виде. In the unpacked main module, the loader searches for the CQKUZXadCXS string, which is a plug for the configuration. After the string is found, the loader replaces it with the current configuration. In the analyzed sample, this string is AB1d3d3MS5kb3RvbWF0ZXIuY2x1Yjsw.

Next, the %WINDIR%\\System32\\dllhost.exe process is launched, where the main module is then injected. If the third character in the configuration is 0, both the executable file of the process in the context of which the loader operates and the file of the loader itself are deleted.

The main module operation

The main module is written in C++, with extensive use of the STL library.

#drweb

At the beginning, the backdoor verifies the embedded configuration that was earlier replaced by the loader. If the first two characters do not match AB, it considers the configuration to be absent, so it stops running. Otherwise, it decodes the configuration from Base64, starting from the 4th character: www1.dotomater.club;0.

The configuration format is simple and represents a domain of the C&C server and the IP address of the DNS server, which are separated by a semicolon. If the DNS server address is not specified or specified as null, the backdoor uses the DNS servers used by the infected computer.

Next, the backdoor creates several threads. The first is used to send heartbeat packets.

#drweb

In response, the C&C server sends the heartbeat%d string where %d is the same number from the packet sent by the bot.

The second thread is used to parse the packets queue and send them to the C&C server.

#drweb

After that, it transmits the information about the infected system:

sprintf(Str, "%s;%s;%s;%d;%s", szCompName, szUserName, szOSVer, isx64, szCurDateTime);

Next, the backdoor enters the cycle of receiving and processing commands from the C&C server.

Command code Command description
1Set bot ID
2Run the command shell and redirect the I/O to the pipes
3Execute the command in the previously launched shell (command No.2)
4Get information about the disk or directory listing
6Send file to the C&C server
7Copy a file
8Delete a file
9Get information about the file size
10Save file to the specified path
11Change the interval of C&C server communication
13Self-deletion

C&C server communication protocol

From the data sent to the C&C server the following structure is initially formed:

#pragma pack(push, 1)
  struct st_packet
  {
    _BYTE magic; // 0x65
    _WORD botid;
    _DWORD pktid;
    _BYTE data[];
  };
  #pragma pack(pop)
  
  • botid initially has the 0 value, but it changes upon the C&C server command, containing opcode == 1, which is sent as a response to the information about the infected system;
  • pktid has the initial value 0, but it changes upon receiving each packet from the C&C server;
  • data contains the packet data, including command ID.

The received packet is encrypted with the following function:

#drweb

The dadadadadadadada string is sent into this function as a key.

The received encrypted data is coded with Base64. From the encrypted data the subdomain name for the domain, listed in the configuration, is formed. With that, if the length of the encoded data exceeds 62 symbols, the dot is added after each 62nd symbol.

Next, the DNS request to receive TXT records of the formed domain is made.

The response from the C&C server is decrypted the same way. First, it is decoded from Base64, followed by decryption with the dadadadadadadada key. The resulting data is:

#pragma pack(push, 1)
  struct st_recv_packet
  {
    _BYTE magic; // 0x65
    _DWORD pktid;
    _BYTE opcode;
    _BYTE data[];
  };
  #pragma pack(pop)
  

Curing recommendations

  1. If the operating system (OS) can be loaded (either normally or in safe mode), download Dr.Web Security Space and run a full scan of your computer and removable media you use. More about Dr.Web Security Space.
  2. If you cannot boot the OS, change the BIOS settings to boot your system from a CD or USB drive. Download the image of the emergency system repair disk Dr.Web® LiveDisk , mount it on a USB drive or burn it to a CD/DVD. After booting up with this media, run a full scan and cure all the detected threats.
Download Dr.Web

Download by serial number

Use Dr.Web Anti-virus for macOS to run a full scan of your Mac.

After booting up, run a full scan of all disk partitions with Dr.Web Anti-virus for Linux.

Download Dr.Web

Download by serial number

  1. If the mobile device is operating normally, download and install Dr.Web for Android. Run a full system scan and follow recommendations to neutralize the detected threats.
  2. If the mobile device has been locked by Android.Locker ransomware (the message on the screen tells you that you have broken some law or demands a set ransom amount; or you will see some other announcement that prevents you from using the handheld normally), do the following:
    • Load your smartphone or tablet in the safe mode (depending on the operating system version and specifications of the particular mobile device involved, this procedure can be performed in various ways; seek clarification from the user guide that was shipped with the device, or contact its manufacturer);
    • Once you have activated safe mode, install the Dr.Web for Android onto the infected handheld and run a full scan of the system; follow the steps recommended for neutralizing the threats that have been detected;
    • Switch off your device and turn it on as normal.

Find out more about Dr.Web for Android